Interview Questions for QTP

Hello Friends,

In this Section, We have tried to explore those questions which are usually asked during Technical Round. If you are going to face an interview either in Sapient/Accenture/TCS/HCL etc then wrack your brain for these questions

1. How to find out the regularly changing value in a single line?
2. What is AOM? How we can Launch QTP outside & Open Test?
3. There are 10 checkboxes. How can I check only first 5 check boxes by using descriptive programing? 
4. If there are some browsers opened and I don't know how many browsers are open, now I want to close all the browsers that I don't know how many are opened. What would be Descriptive programming for this in QTP using VB Script?

5.    Using simple string a[0]=I, a[1]=N, a[2]=D   like that it goes on.. Output I need INDIA. How?

6.    How do we run the scripts in QTP? What are the three options?

7.    What are the main components of keyword driven automation frame work in QTP?

8.    What are the various extentions in QTP?

9.    How to find the particular word in text file and how to split and capture total line of the founded word using vb scripting?

10.  Display the list data in the order-first even position rows and then odd position rows?

11.  I want to open a Notepad window without recording a test and I do not want to use SystemUtil.Run command as well How do I do this?

12.  VB Script to count the no. of links on a web page.

13.  How you will display all the upper case alphabet characters in reverse order except the characters mentioned in the string. Eg: if my string is "Sumit" then the result should have all the alphabets from "Z to A" except the following letters "S","U", “M”, “I” and "T".

14.  Explain about scrrun.dll?

15.  Explain about ADODB.Stream class?

16.  How many types of Parameters are available in QuickTest Professional (QTP)?

17.  What are the different ways to invoke an application using QTP?

18.  What is Smart identification?

19.  Can an action have 2 shared object repositories associated with them? In that case, if two of them contain the same object, which one will be considered?

20.  I have developed and executed a script successfully, and saved the same to QC. When I tried to execute the script from QC, the script is not executing. What are the possible reasons?”

21.  What is the extension of QTP local Repository? If it is .mtr then what is .bdb extension stands for?

22.  How can you close the second opened browser?

23.  How to get Nth Highest Salary of the Employee using SQL? Highest, 2nd Highest, 3rd Highest....

24.  What is a self join? Explain it with an example?

25.  Suppose we have the Employee table below, and we want to retrieve all of the cities that the employees live in, but we don’t want any duplicates. How can we do this in SQL?

26.  How to reverse a string without using strreverse in VB?

27.  Write a Program to show usage of Output value using QTP?

28.  What is Error Handling in QTP? How many types of Errors are there in QTP?

If you are not able to answer, please prepare again. However, Below are the solutions for above questions.

1.       What is AOM? How we can Launch QTP outside & Open Test?

Automation Object Model (AOM) - It is a mechanism using which we can control various QTP operations outside QTP. Using AOM, we can launch QTP, Open the Test, Associate Function Libraries etc. The Following Vbscript should be saved with Extension .vbs and upon executing the same, QTP will be launched and test would start executing.

 'Launch QTP

 Set objQTP = CreateObject("QuickTest.Application")

 objQTP.Launch

 objQTP.Visible = True

'Open the test

 objQTP.Open "D:\GUITest2", False, False

 Set objLib = objQTP.Test.Settings.Resources.Libraries

 'Associate Function Library if NOT associated already.

 If objLib.Find("C:\lib1.vbs") = -1 Then

 objLib.Add "C:\lib1.vbs", 1

 End

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There are 10 checkboxes. How can I check only first 5 check boxes by using descriptive programing?

Dim objCheckBox

set objCheckBox=Description.Create()

objCheckBox("micclass").Value="WebCheckBox"

set objChildObjects=Browser("micclass:=Browser").Page ("micclass:=Page").Childobjects(odesc)

for i=1 to 5

objChildObjects(i).Set "ON"

Next

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If there are some browsers opened and I don't know how many browsers are open, now I want to close all the browsers that I don't know how many are opened. What would be Descriptive programming for this in QTP using VB Script?

Set odesc=description.Create

odesc("micclass").value="Browser"

Set a=Desktop.ChildObjects(odesc)

print a.count

For i = 0 to a.count-1

browsername= a(i).getroproperty("name")

print browsername             

Next _________________________________________________________________________________

Using simple string a[0]=I, a[1]=N, a[2]=D   like that it goes on.. Output I need INDIA. How?

You can use the function JOIN

Dim arr(10)

arr(0)="I"

arr(1)="N"

arr(2)="D"

arr(3)="I"

arr(4)="A"

Msgbox Join(arr) - it will display INDIA

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How do we run the scripts in QTP? What are the three options?

1. "Verify Run-Mode"

(Normal Run Mode) F5, aiming towards testing the application.

2. Debug Run-Mode

(Aim is to know the syntactical and Logical Errors)

F11- step into

F10 - Step Over

Shift+F11 - step out

3. Update Run-mode (Automation -> update run mode)

(Aim is to Update the object physical Description) using this mode qtp can update:

1. Object Repository Physical Description

2. Check point Property Values

3. Active Screen images

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What are the main components of keyword driven automation frame work in QTP?

1.       Scripts Library (.vbs, .txt, .qfl)

2.       OR - Object Repository

3.       Test Data (generally in excel format)

4.       QTP - Settings and Environment Variables

5.       Reports - (Generally in HTML format)

6.       Test Driver Script/ Test Engine

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What are the various file extensions in QTP?

1.       QTP Script File                  :  .mts  ( mercury test script)

2.       QTP Local Repository     :  .bdb  ( berkely database)

3.       Shared Repository             :  .tsr ( test shared repository)

4.       Load test configuration file Default.cfg

5.       Load test configuration file Default.usp

6.       Test Settings File                : Test.tsp

7.       Test Parameters file          : Parameters.mtr

8.       Resources associated information like function library, recovery, shared repository: Resource.mtr

9.       Datatable ( Excel file)       : Default.xls

10.    Recovery Scenario            :.qrs

11.    Function library                 :.vbs / .qfl / .tst

12.    Test Batch                            :.mtb

13.    Action Template                 :.mst ( mercury shared template)

14.    Virutal Object                     :.vot  ( virtual object template)

15.    Created when the QTP test is opened: lock.lck

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How to find the particular word in text file and how to split and capture total line of the founded word using vb scripting?

1.      open the text file to search the word in

2.      set fso = createobject("scripting.filesystemobject")

3.      set mytxt = fso.OpenTextFile("C:\Users\sumit\Desktopf1.txt")

4.      c_LineMatch=0                                                               

5.      o_wordMatch =0

6.      regex for the word to be searched 

7.      Set myregex = new RegExp

8.      with myregex

a.       .Global = true

b.       .Pattern = "QTP"

c.        .IgnoreCase = True

9.      End With

10.  Do until mytxt.AtEndOfStream

a.       Read one line at a time

b.       str1 = mytxt.ReadLine

c.        Set colMatches = myregex.Execute(str1)

d.       no of words matched in the Text file

e.        o_wordMatch = o_wordMatch +colMatches.Count 

f.        Count no of lines which have the words to search        

g.        if colMatches.Count > 0 then

                                                                       i.      c_LineMatch=c_LineMatch+1

h.       end if 

11.  Loop

12.  No of words matched in the text file

13.  Msgbox o_wordMatch 

14.  No of lines having the words to be searched

15.  msgbox c_LineMatch

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Display the list data in the order-first even position rows and then odd position rows?

Suppose your table is "employee" and column name is "empid" .

Now you want a list which contains EVEN empids first and then ODD empids.

Your query will be like below,
Select empid from employee order by Mod(empid,2),empid;

IF you want a list which contains ODD empids first and then EVEN empids.

Your query will be like below,
Select empid from employee order by Mod(empid,2) desc ,empid;

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I want to open a Notepad window without recording a test and I do not want to use SystemUtil.Run command as well How do I do this?

1^st way: insert->step->step generator->select a function invokeapplication,mention the path to notepad.exe file.Run.2.otherwise in Expert view write a builtin funtioninvokeapplication"c:/whatever the path"Run

2^nd Way: to open a notepad is to use ShellObject. Check out with the following example:

Dim aSet a = WScript.CreateObject ("WSCript.shell")a.run "notepad.exe"

3rd Way:

Dim oShell Set oShell = CreateObject ("WSCript.shell") oShell.run "cmd /K notepad.exe"

Set oShell = Nothing

4th Way:

Dim file1,file2

Set file1 = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

Set file2 = file1.OpenTextFile("c:ragu.txt", "2", True)'

---creating text file file2.WriteBlankLines 2 S="Hi Good morning"file2.write(S)

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VB Script to count number of links in a web page.

Set Des_Obj = Description.Create
Des_Obj("micclass").Value = "Link"
Set link_col = Browser("name:=Google").Page("title:=Google").ChildObjects(Des_Obj)
msgbox link_col.count

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How you will display all the upper case alphabet characters in reverse order except the characters mentioned in the string.
Eg: if my string is "Sumit" then the result should have all the alphabets from "Z to A" except the following letters "S","U", “M”, “I” and "T".

set reg=New regexp

s="[^ a-z A-Z]"

reg.Global=True

reg.IgnoreCase=True

s0="ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA"

s1="Sumit"

s2=""

for i=1 to len(s1)

    a1=mid(s1,i,1)

    reg.pattern=a1

    s0= reg.replace(s0,s2)

Next

msgbox s0

It’s Output will come as ZYXWVRQPONLKJHGFEDCBA

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Explain about scrrun.dll?

Scripting Runtime library is very important for the functioning of Visual basic script because it gives much more functionality such as File management, text operations and file modification features. Scrrun.dll is used very much in programming VB.

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Explain about ADODB.Stream class?

ADODB.Stream class can be used as string builder. VBScript string concatenation can be very costly because of frequent memory allocation features. Binary file and memory I/O operation is provided by ADODB.Stream class. This is widely used to convert bytes into string, etc.

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How many types of Parameters are available in QuickTest Professional (QTP)?

QTP provides three types of Parameter-
                Method Argument
                Data Driven
                Dynamic

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What are the different ways to invoke an application using QTP?
                a) SystemUtil.Run
                                SystemUtil.Run ( FileName, Parameters, Path, Operation )
                                Example: SystemUtil.Run(“iexplorer.exe”,http://www.google.com)
                                SystemUtil.Run(“test.txt”, “”,”C:\”,”1”)

b) InvokeApplication
                Example: InvokeApplication “C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\IEXPLORE.EXE   

http://www.google.com”

c) Creating a shell object using VB Script
                Example: Create a “WScript.shell” object.
                Dim testshell
                Set testshell= CreateObject (“Wscript.shell”) testshell.run “%windir%\notepad “

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What is Smart identification?

If the recorded description does not enable QTP to identify a specific object then QTP uses “Smart identification” mechanism.  It uses the following additional properties to identify the object
                a) Base Filter Properties (primary) – The set of properties that cannot be changed without 

changing the object type
                b) Optional Filter Properties (secondary) – additional properties that help identify the object 

uniquely

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Can an action have 2 shared object repositories associated with them? In that case, if two of them contain the same object, which one will be considered?
 There can be more than one Shared OR’s associated to the same action. If Shared OR1 and Shared OR2 have one object named OBJ1 each and if the action calls for OBJ1 then the order in which the shared ORs were associated will be considered. That means, if Shared OR1 was first associated then the OBJ1 from Shared OR1 will be taken into account.

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I have developed and executed a script successfully, and saved the same to QC. When I tried to execute the script from QC, the script is not executing. What are the possible reasons?”

1.       QuickTest Add-In for Quality Center has to be installed.

2.       In the QTP Tools > Options >run tab you should have ‘Allow other Mercury products to run tests and components’ selected.

3.       Make sure you are running QTP as an Admin

4.       All the test resources have to be in the correct path

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What is the extension of QTP local Repository? If it is .mtr then what is .bdb extension stands for?

.bdb is the local OR. .mtr is a binary file that contains other information about checkpoints and all. To re-verify the .bdb is the OR, try to rename the file with the extension as .tsr and open it from ORM. The same objects in the OR will be displayed here. The same will not work if you try it on .mtr file.

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How can you close the second opened browser?

You can know which browser instance was opened after another can be known by using the “creation time” property. In simple terms, this is nothing but a counter for each browser instance that gets launched. For the first one, it is 0 and gets incremented from then on. To close the second opened browser, you can use the following code:

Browser(“creationtime:=1″).Close

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How to get Nth Highest Salary of the Employee using SQL?

First, ask ourselves how can we find the highest salary in a table? Well, you probably know that is actually really easy – we can just use the MAX aggregate function:

The highest salary in a table

select MAX(Salary) from Employee;

So, if we can somehow select the highest value from a result set that excludes the highest value, then we would actually be selecting the 2nd highest salary value. Think about that carefully and see if you can come up with the actual SQL yourself before you read the answer that we provide below. Here is a small hint to help you get started: you will have to use the “NOT IN” SQL operator.

The 2nd highest salary in SQL:

SELECT MAX(Salary) FROM Employee

WHERE Salary NOT IN (SELECT MAX(Salary) FROM Employee )

And Now, SQL query to find the Nth highest salary (Works for all)

SELECT *

FROM Employee Emp1

WHERE (N-1) = (

SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT(Emp2.Salary))

FROM Employee Emp2

WHERE Emp2.Salary > Emp1.Salary)

nth highest salary using the TOP keyword (in SQL Server)

SELECT TOP 1 Salary

FROM (

      SELECT DISTINCT TOP N Salary

      FROM Employee

      ORDER BY Salary DESC

      ) AS Emp

ORDER BY Salary

nth highest salary using Desc Limit (in MySQL)

SELECT Salary FROM Employee

ORDER BY Salary DESC LIMIT n-1,1

nth highest salary using rownum  (in Oracle)

select * from (

  select Emp.*,

row_number() over (order by Salary DESC) rownumb

from Employee Emp

)

where rownumb = n;  /*n is nth highest salary*/

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1.       What is a self join? Explain it with an example

Suppose we have the following table – that is called employee. The employee table has 2 columns – one for the employee name (called employee_name), and one for the employee location (called employee_location):

Employee

employee_name employee_location Joe New York Sunil India Alex Russia Albert Canada Jack New York

Now, suppose we want to find out which employees are from the same location as the employee named Joe. In this example, that location would be New York. Let’s assume – for the sake of our example – that we can not just directly search the table for people who live in New York with a simple query like this (maybe because we don’t want to hardcode the city name) in the SQL query

    SELECT employee_name

    FROM employee

    WHERE employee_location = "New York"

So, instead of a query like that what we could do is write a nested SQL query (basically a query within another query – which more commonly called a subquery) like this:

                    SELECT employee_name

                    FROM employee

                    WHERE employee_location in

                    ( SELECT employee_location

                      FROM employee

    WHERE employee_name = "Joe")

A self join is basically when a table is joined to itself. The way you should visualize a self join for a given table is by imagining that a join is performed between two identical copies of that table. And that is exactly why it is called a self join – because of the fact that it’s just the same table being joined to another copy of itself rather than being joined with a different table.

Self Join Example:

SELECT e1.employee_name

FROM employee e1, employee e2

WHERE e1.employee_location = e2.employee_location

AND e2.employee_name="Joe";

This query will return the names Joe and Jack – since Jack is the only other person who lives in New York like Joe.

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1.       Suppose we have the Employee table below, and we want to retrieve all of the cities that the employees live in, but we don’t want any duplicates. How can we do this in SQL?

employee

employee_name employee_location Joe New York Sunil India Alex Russia Albert Canada Jack New York Alex Russia

1^st Way: In SQL, the distinct keyword will allow us to do that. Here’s what the simple SQL would look like:

SELECT DISTINCT employee_location from employee;

Running this query will return the following results:

employee_location

New York

India

Russia

Canada

2^nd Way: We can actually accomplish this with the GROUP BY keyword. Here’s what the SQL would look like:

SELECT employee_location from employee 

GROUP BY employee_location

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How to reverse a string without using strreverse in VB?

<body>

<script language="VBScript">

Dim x

x=inputbox("Enter a string")

cnt=len(x)

Do until cnt=0

y = y&mid(x,cnt,1)

cnt=cnt-1

Loop

msgbox y

</script>

</body>

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Write a Program to show usage of Output value using QTP? 

Systemutil.Run "C:\Program Files (x86)\HP\QuickTest Professional\samples\flight\app\flight4a.exe"

Dialog("Login").WinEdit("Agent Name:").Set DataTable("Agent_Name", dtGlobalSheet)

Dialog("Login").WinEdit("Agent Name:").Type  micTab 

Dialog("Login").WinEdit("Password:").SetSecure DataTable("Password", dtGlobalSheet)

Dialog("Login").WinEdit("Password:").Type  micReturn 

Dialog("Login").Dialog("Flight Reservations").Static("Please enter agent name").Output_ CheckPoint("ErrorMessage")

Dialog("Login").Dialog("Flight Reservations").WinButton("OK").Click

Dialog("Login").WinButton("Cancel").Click

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What is Error Handling in QTP? How many types of Errors are there in QTP?

There are various ways on handling errors in QTP. There are three possible kinds of error type one would encounter while working with QTP.

·         Syntax Errors

·         Logical Errors

·         Run Time Errors

Syntax errors are the typos or a piece of the code that does not confirm with the VBscripting language grammar. Syntax errors occur at the time of compilation of code and cannot be executed until the errors are fixed. To verify the syntax one use the keyboard shortcut as Ctrl+F7 and the result is displayed as shown below. If the window is NOT displayed one can navigate to "View" -> "Errors".

LOGICAL ERRORS:

If the script is syntactically correct but it produces unexpected results. Logical error usually does not interrupt the execution but produces incorrect results. Logical errors could occur due to variety of reasons, viz- wrong assumptions or misunderstanding of the requirement and sometimes incorrect program logics(using do-while instead of do-Until) or Infinite Loops.

One of the ways to detect a logical error is to perform peer reviews and also verifying the QTP output file/result file to ensure the tool has performed what it has intended to do.

RUNTIME ERRORS:

As The name states, this kind of Error happens during Run Time. The reason for such kind of errors is that the script trying to perform something but it is unable to do so and the script usually stops as it is unable to continue with the execution. Classic Examples for Run Time Errors are,

1.       File NOT found but the script trying to read the file.

2.       Object NOT found but script is trying to act on that particular object.

3.       Dividing a number by Zero.

4.       Array Index out of bounds while accessing array elements.

Handling Run-Time Errors:

There are various ways to handle errors in the code.

1. Using Test Settings - Error handling can be defined the Test Settings by Navigating to "File" >> "Settings" >> "Run" We can select any of the specified settings and click "OK".

2. Using On Error Statement - On Error statement is used to notify the VBScript engine of intentions to handle the run-time errors by tester, rather than allowing the VBScript engine to display error messages that are not user friendly.

·         On Error Resume Next - On Error Resume Next informs the VBScript engine to process executing the next line of code when an error is encountered.

·         On error Goto 0 - This helps the testers to turn off the error handling.

3. Using Err Object - Error object is an inbuilt object within VBScript that captures the run time error number and error description with which we will be able to debug the code easily.

·         Err.Number - The Number property returns or Sets a numeric value specifying an error. If Err.Number value is 0 then No error had occured.

·         Err.Description - The Description property returns or sets a brief description about an error.

·         Err.Clear - The Clear method resets the Err object and clears all the previous values associated with it.

EXAMPLE:

'Call  the function to Add two Numbers

Call Addition(num1,num2)

Function Addition(a,b)

 On error resume next

 If NOT IsNumeric(a) or IsNumeric(b) Then

   Print "Error number is  " &  err.number & " and description is : " &  err.description

   Err.Clear

   Exit Function

 End If

 Addition = a+b

 

 'disables error handling

 On Error Goto 0

 

End function

4. Using Exit Statement - Exit Statements can be used along with Err object to exit from a test or action or iteration based on the Err.Number value. Let us see each one of those Exit statements in detail.

·         ExitTest - Exits from the entire QTP test no matter what the run-time iteration settings are.

·         ExitAction - Exits the current action.

·         ExitActionIteration - Exits the current iteration of the action.

·         ExitTestIteration - Exits the current iteration of the QTP test and proceeds to the next iteration.

5. Recovery Scenarios - Upon encountering an error, recovery scenarios are triggered based on certain conditions and it is dealt in detail in a seperate chapter.

6. Reporter Object - Reporter Object helps us to report an event to the run results. It helps us to identify if the concerned action/step is pass/fail.

'Syntax: Reporter.ReportEventEventStatus, ReportStepName, Details, [ImageFilePath]

'Example

Reporter.ReportEvent micFail, "Login", "User is unable to Login."

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